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3.2 noun cases
The ámman îar noun is inflected for case indicated by
inflectional markers suffixed to the noun stem. These inflections are
geminate in that they duplicate the final consonant of the noun and thus shift
the stress toward the penultimate position. The ámman îar case
system consists of three sets of case infections:
- Core cases that mark the syntactic relation that the core arguments
of a predicate exhibit;
- Oblique cases that mark secondary relations exhibited by
indirect predicate arguments; and
- Locative cases that define the spatial relationships of
indirect arguments to the predication as a whole.
aldar, tree |
core cases |
inflection |
singular |
plural |
semantics |
ergative |
-e |
aldarre |
eldairre |
tree(s) [A] |
absolutive |
- |
aldar |
eldair |
tree(s) [S/O] |
aldar, tree |
oblique cases |
inflection |
singular |
plural |
semantics |
dative |
-on |
aldarron |
eldairron |
tree(s) [IO] |
instrumental |
os |
aldarros |
eldairros |
with tree(s)] |
genitive |
-îon |
aldarrîon |
eldairrîon |
of a tree(s) |
abessive |
-ul |
aldarrul |
eldairrul |
without tree(s) |
aldar, tree |
locative cases |
inflection |
singular |
plural |
semantics |
illative |
-al |
aldarral |
eldairral |
into a tree(s) |
allative |
-ial |
aldarrial |
alderail |
toward a tree(s)] |
inessive |
ar |
aldarrar |
eldairrar |
in a tree(s) |
adessive |
-iar |
aldarriar |
alderrair |
at a tree(s) |
elative |
-an |
aldarran |
eldairran |
out of a tree(s) |
ablative |
-ian |
aldarrian |
alderrain |
from a tree(s) |
comitative |
-as |
aldarras |
eldairras |
with a tree(s) |
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